Lavande (Lavandula)

Publié mercredi 06 février 2013 Commenter 52
Lavande

Sommaire

Lavande : en bref

Nom scientifique
Lavandula
Provenance / Origine
Moyen-Orient et pays méditerranéens
Période de floraison
été
Couleur de floraison
bleu, violet
Température
climat méditerranéen idéal
Exposition à la lumière
plein soleil
Reproduction
bouturage en été
Hauteur
60-80 cm
Acidité du sol
sols calcaires
Entretien
couper les fleurs fanées en septembre
Type biologique
vivace
Type de feuillage
persistant
Période de récolte
août

Classification de la plante

Règne
Plantae
Sous-règne
Tracheobionta
Division
Magnoliophyta
Classe
Magnoliopsida
Ordre
Lamiales
Famille
Lamiaceae

Traditions et usages

Le nom lavande vient du latin Lavare, qui signifie laver. Les romains mettaient en effet quelques fleurs de lavande dans l’eau de leur bain. On l’utilisait aussi au XIVème siècle pour bourrer les cousins, ce qui d’une part leur donnait un parfum agréable, et d’autre part repoussait les insectes. C’est au début du XXème siècle qu’on met en évidence ses propriétés antiseptiques : un certain René Gattefosse soigne une brûlure en utilisant de l’huile essentielle de lavande. Suite à cette découverte, la lavande devient une incontournable des plantes médicinales !

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On lui reconnaît aujourd’hui des vertus antibactérienne, antiseptique, et antiparasite. La lavande a aussi de forts pouvoirs antidépressif et relaxant. Les infusions de fleurs permettent de combattre les maux de tête en appliquant une compresse sur le front. On peut aussi boire ces infusions pour calmer le stresse. Appliquez de l’huile essentielle de fleur pour soulager les coups de soleil ou les brûlures. Profitez aussi de l’effet relaxant de l’huile essentielle en l’appliquant en massage sur la peau. Elle calme ainsi les douleurs musculaires. Servez vous de l’effet insecticide de cette huile pour repousser les moustiques et apaiser les piqûres. Qui ne connaît pas les petits sachets de lavande glissés dans les armoires de draps ou de vêtements ? Ils donnent un parfum agréable, mais ils permettent aussi de chasser souris, mites et parasites. Vous pouvez aussi disposer un sachet de lavande sous votre oreiller, il favorisera l’endormissement.

Ces nombreux usages médicinaux et antiparasites Nous font souvent oublier les propriétés culinaires de la lavande. Ajoutez par exemple quelques fleurs dans vos confitures pour leur donner un léger arôme de lavande. Faîtes de même dans toutes vos crèmes dessert, vos meringues, vos gâteaux, … Bien sûr les usages cosmétiques ne manquent pas non plus. Nombre de shampoing, savons ou crèmes hydratantes, l’utilise.

La lavande au jardin

Au jardin, faites une bordure de lavande autour de votre potager : elle éloignera les indésirables. Utilisez la aussi dans les rocailles ou sur les murets de pierre sèche : elles n’ont pas besoin de beaucoup d’eau. Elles ont en effet des racines très longues qui peur permettent d’aller la chercher en profondeur. Privilégiez L.stoechas si vous habitez en climat froid, elle résiste bien au gel.

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