Cymbidium (Cymbidium devonianum)

Publié jeudi 17 janvier 2013 Commenter 45
Cymbidium

Sommaire

Cymbidium : en bref

Nom scientifique
Cymbidium devonianum
Provenance / Origine
Inde, Chine, Japon, Australie
Période de semi
Reproduction par semis non usuelle
Période de floraison
Toute l'année, mais préférentiellement en hiver ou au printemps
Couleur de floraison
Pourpre, brun, rougeâtre, vert olive
Température
10°C est un minimum nocturne hivernal, l'été il est à 20°C. Le jour doit être assez chaud.
Exposition à la lumière
Derrière une vitre à l'ouest
Reproduction
Sexuée et assexuée grâce au rhizome divisé en pseudobulbes
Hauteur
50 cm environ
Acidité du sol
Plutôt acide
Entretien
Hygrométrie assez élevée. Rempotagetous les 3 ou4 ans. Eclairage hivernal.
Type biologique
Vivace
Maladies
Toutes les maladies pouvant toucher les plantes d'intérieur, la cochenille farineuse par exemple
Type de feuillage
Persistant
Insectes et animaux ravageurs
Thrips, aleurodes, pucerons, acariens.

Classification de la plante

Règne
Plantae
Sous-règne
Tracheobionta
Division
Magnoliophyta
Classe
Magnoliopsida
Sous-classe
Liliidae
Ordre
Orchidales
Famille
Orchidaceae

Une plante de serre tempérée

Les Cymbidiums nécessitent une forte luminosité, mais filtrez les rayons solaires par un voilage durant la floraison. En hiver, si la luminosité est trop faible, il faudra envisager quelques heures d'éclairage artificiel quotidien avec une lampe spécifique. Le cycle de température chaud froid entre la nuit et le jour est à respecter pour bien favoriser la floraison, ainsi que le repos hivernal. Lorsque la température monte au-dessus de 16°C le jour, arrosez tous quatre à cinq jours. En hiver, une fréquence d'un peu moins d'une fois par semaine suffit. Dans tous les cas, l'humidité ne doit pas stagner, c'est pourquoi le substrat de culture doit être bien drainant. Sinon les fleurs flétrissent presque instantanément. Quant à l'hygrométrie, elle doit se situer de préférence à 50% l'hiver et 60% l'été. Entre avril et octobre, ajoutez de l'engrais pour Orchidées à l'eau tous les deux arrosages. En été, vous pouvez sortir votre Cymbidium s'il fait assez chaud, et le rentrer avant les premières gelées bien entendu.

Une jolie suspension

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Les fleurs de cette espèce de Cymbidium sont portées par des hampes tombantes. Une bonne façon de les mettre en valeur est de suspendre les pots où elles grandissent. Vous verrez les fleurs à hauteur d'yeux pendant six semaines à trois mois. Le rempotage sera à effectuer après la floraison, et il ne faudra pas arroser la plante pendant les trois semaines qui suivront. Au moment du rempotage, si vous voyez au moins six pseudobulbes, vous pouvez les détacher par deux ou trois pour diviser la touffe. Les manipulations doivent être faites avec délicatesse, les Orchidées cassent facilement, surtout les boutons floraux. D'autre part, avant de transférer la plante dans une pièce plus chaude, attendez que les fleurs soient suffisamment ouvertes. Autrement, il se pourrait que les boutons tombent, à peine ouverts.

Un peu d'histoire...

Cette espèce fut découvert en 1837 vers le nord de l'Inde, en altitude. C'est John Gibson, collectionneur d'Orchidées de son état, qui s'y est intéressé.

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