Tomates cerises (Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme)

Publié mercredi 17 juin 2015 Commenter 120
Tomates cerises sur plant de tomates

Sommaire

Tomates cerises : en bref

Nom scientifique
Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme
Provenance / Origine
Amérique du sud
Période de semi
Février-Avril
Période de floraison
Juin-Août
Couleur de floraison
Jaune
Température
Assez chaude
Exposition à la lumière
Soleil
Reproduction
Semis
Hauteur
1 m à 1,5 m
Acidité du sol
Basique
Entretien
Tuteurer, tailler les gourmands
Type biologique
Annuel
Maladies
Mosaïque, Verticillose
Type de feuillage
Caduc
Insectes et animaux ravageurs
Pucerons, aleurodes, araignées rouges
Période de récolte
Août

Classification de la plante

Règne
Plantae
Sous-règne
Tracheobionta
Division
Magnoliophyta
Classe
Magnoliopsida
Sous-classe
Asteridae
Ordre
Solanales
Famille
Solanacées

La tomate-cerise, plus facile à cultiver

La tomate-cerise est une plante potagère de taille moyenne, qui existe sous de nombreuses variétés. Elle produit des fruits qui sont semblables à de petites tomates, et qui sont réputés pour leur goût souvent plus prononcé. Les tomates cultivées sont plus éloignées de leurs ancêtres que les tomates-cerises. Ces dernières se rencontrent en hybrides F1 (croisement de première génération entre une plante sauvage et une plante domestique).

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La tomate-cerise est aussi réputée pour sa rusticité et sa facilité de culture. Elle est idéale pour les jardiniers débutants ! Elle s'adapte même à une culture en pot, sur un balcon par exemple. Elle n'a pas besoin d'être taillée, et produit de nombreux fruits, sur une longue période, de quoi agrémenter vos salades et apéritifs !

Comment cultiver la tomate-cerise ?

Vous pouvez planter la tomate-cerise comme les autres tomates, à partir de mars, en serre. Au printemps ou en début d'été, vous pouvez trouver la tomate-cerise sous forme de jeunes plants, en pot. Cette solution a l'avantage de vous épargner les aléas du semis.

Choisissez un emplacement bien exposé au soleil, mais à l'abri du vent. A la plantation ou au repiquage, espacez chaque plant de 70 cm. Si vous cultivez vos plants sur un balcon ou une terrasse, choisissez des pots suffisamment grands, en fonction de la variété.

Il est conseillé de réaliser plusieurs apports d'engrais, afin d'améliorer la récolte. Si vous préférez, vous pouvez choisir de plutôt enrichir le sol préalablement, par exemple en compost.

Astuce : pour bien entretenir vos plants, coupez régulièrement les pousses qui apparaissent au niveau des jonctions entre la tige et les feuilles. Ces pousses supplémentaires fatigueraient vos plants. Vous pouvez aussi couper la tête des plants lorsqu'ils ont atteint la taille désirée. Attention : surveillez les maladies de vos tomates.

La récolte, normalement abondante, a lieu environ 2 à 5 mois plus tard selon les variétés. La tomate-cerise se récolte de préférence bien mûre, lorsqu'elle est très parfumée, mais elle peut aussi être cueillie verte afin de préparer de la confiture de tomates vertes. Attention : les tomates ne se congèlent pas.

Les propriétés de la tomate-cerise

Mis à part des risques assez rares d'allergie, la tomate-cerise est un aliment très intéressant pour la santé. La tomate-cerise contient des vitamines, des fibres ainsi que des antioxydants. Ainsi, sa consommation permet de diminuer le risque de développer des maladies cardiovasculaires ou un cancer. La tomate est réputée pour sa teneur en vitamine C, ainsi qu'en caroténoïdes.

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