Fenouil (Foeniculum vulgare)

Publié mardi 05 février 2013 Commenter 41
Fenouil

Sommaire

Fenouil : en bref

Nom scientifique
Foeniculum vulgare
Provenance / Origine
Asie et bassin méditerranéen
Période de semi
printemps
Couleur de floraison
Jaune
Température
climat doux
Exposition à la lumière
plein soleil
Reproduction
semis
Hauteur
2 m
Acidité du sol
neutre
Entretien
buttez le fenouil de Florence pour un pseudo-bulbe blanc
Type biologique
vivace
Type de feuillage
persistant
Période de récolte
été

Classification de la plante

Règne
Plantae
Sous-règne
Tracheobionta
Division
Magnoliophyta
Classe
Magnoliopsida
Sous-classe
Rosidae
Ordre
Apiales
Famille
Apiaceae

Le fenouil condimentaire : une saveur d’anis

Il existe différentes variétés de fenouil. Le Foeniculum vulgare est utilisé comme plante aromatique. Il ne forme pas de vrai bulbe.

Au Moyen-âge, il n’a pas vocation aromatique, mais il est très utilisé en relation avec la magie. Pendant la nuit de la Saint-Jean, il fait fuir les sorcières sil on l’accroche à sa porte.

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Aujourd’hui, il est utilise à des fins médicinales pour faciliter la digestion ou pour soigner des infections buccales. Il peut être utilisé dans un régime hypocalorique grâce à ses vertus amincissantes. Faire une infusion à base de graines de fenouil en profiter.  Il est cependant déconseillé aux femmes enceintes car il provoque des contractions de l’utérus.

Le fenouil aromatisera à merveille les plats à base de poisson. Ses graines peuvent être utilisées pour parfumer le riz et les marinades.

Le fenouil bulbeux : un légume d’exception

Le fenouil Foeniculum vulgare Var. dulce est aussi appelé fenouil de Florence. Ce fenouil italien est cultivé pour son bulbe blanc. Ce dernier est très apprécié pour sa chaire fondante et sa pointe d’anis.

Si vous habitez dans la moitié Nord de la France, préférez les variétés précoces telles que le fenouil ‘Géant Mammouth’. Elles se sèment au printemps et le bulbe se forme pendant l’été. En revanche dans le Midi de la France, semez des variétés tardives à la fin du mois de Juin. C‘est pendant le début de l’automne que la formation du bulbe a lieu.

Le bulbe n’en est pas un à proprement parler. Il s’agit plutôt d’un renflement des pétioles des tiges qui forment un pseudo-bulbe de 10 cm de diamètre environ. Pour qu’il se forme correctement, il a besoin d’un apport régulier en eau. Pensez à butter le bulbe lors de sa formation, il n’en sera que plus tendre. Ne le faites pas trop tard : cela diminuerait les qualités nutritives du bulbe.  

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The seeds of fenouil are commonly used as a spice in cooking, and have a sweet, licorice-like flavor. The seeds can be used whole or ground, and are used in a variety of dishes such as soups, stews, and salads. Fenouil seeds are also commonly used in herbal tea blends, and are believed to have digestive and incredibox anti-inflammatory properties.
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The seeds of fenouil are commonly used as a spice in cooking, and have a sweet, licorice-like flavor. The seeds can be used whole or ground, and are used in a variety of dishes such as soups, stews, and salads. Fenouil seeds are also commonly used in herbal tea blends, and are believed to have digestive and incredibox anti-inflammatory properties.
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